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Caused You to Be Born Again

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This article is near the Christian term. For other uses, meet Born Again.

Evangelical Christian term

Born over again, or to experience the new birth, is a phrase, especially in evangelicalism, that refers to a "spiritual rebirth", or a regeneration of the human spirit. In dissimilarity to 1's physical nascence, existence "born once again" is distinctly and separately caused by baptism in the Holy Spirit, it is not acquired past baptism in water. It is a core doctrine of the denominations of the Methodist, Quaker, Baptist, and Pentecostal Churches along with all other evangelical Christian denominations. All of these Churches strongly believe Jesus' words in the Gospels: "You must be born again before you tin can meet, or enter, the Kingdom of Sky." Their doctrines likewise mandate that to exist both "born again" and "saved", 1 must have a personal and intimate relationship with Jesus Christ.[ane] [2] [three] [4] [v] [vi]

In gimmicky Christian usage and apart from evangelicalism, the term is distinct from similar terms which are sometimes used in Christianity in reference to a person who is being or becoming a Christian. This usage of the term is commonly linked to baptism with water and the related doctrine of baptismal regeneration. Individuals who profess to be "born again" (meaning in the "Holy Spirit") often state that they have a "personal relationship with Jesus Christ".[7] [5] [6]

In improver to using this phrase with those who exercise non profess to be Christians, some Evangelical Christians apply the phrase and evangelize those who belong to other Christian denominations or groups. This exercise is based on the belief that non-Evangelical Christians, even those Christians who are professed Christians, are not "born once again" and practice not accept a "personal relationship with Jesus." They therefore believe that they should evangelize to not-Evangelical Christians in the same mode that they would evangelize to people who do not profess the Christian faith.

The phrase "born once again" is also used as an adjective to describe individual members of the motion who espouse this belief, and information technology is also used as an adjective to draw the motion itself ("born-again Christian" and the "born-again movement").

Origin [edit]

Jesus and Nicodemus painting by Alexander Bida, 1874

The term is derived from an issue in the Gospel of John in which the words of Jesus were non understood by a Jewish pharisee, Nicodemus.

Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell yous, no i can see the kingdom of God unless they are born once again." "How tin can someone be born when they are old?" Nicodemus asked. "Surely they cannot enter a 2d fourth dimension into their mother'south womb to be born!" Jesus answered, "Very truly I tell y'all, no one can enter the kingdom of God unless they are built-in of water and the Spirit."

—Gospel of John, John chapter three, verses 3–v, NIV[8]

The Gospel of John was written in Koine Greek, and the original text is ambiguous which results in a double entendre that Nicodemus misunderstands. The word translated equally once more is ἄνωθεν (ánōtʰen), which could mean either "again", or "from above".[nine] The double entendre is a figure of voice communication that the gospel writer uses to create bewilderment or misunderstanding in the hearer; the misunderstanding is then clarified by either Jesus or the narrator. Nicodemus takes only the literal meaning from Jesus's statement, while Jesus clarifies that he means more than of a spiritual rebirth from above. English language translations have to option one sense of the phrase or some other; the NIV, King James Version, and Revised Version use "built-in over again", while the New Revised Standard Version[10] and the New English Translation[eleven] prefer the "born from higher up" translation.[12] Most versions will annotation the alternative sense of the phrase anōthen in a footnote.

Edwyn Hoskyns argues that "born from above" is to be preferred as the fundamental meaning and he drew attention to phrases such as "birth of the Spirit",[13] "birth from God",[14] but maintains that this necessarily carries with it an emphasis upon the newness of the life as given past God himself.[fifteen]

The final utilize of the phrase occurs in the Showtime Epistle of Peter, rendered in the King James Version as:

Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, [see that ye] love one another with a pure heart fervently: / Being born again, non of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.

—1 Peter 1:22-23[16]

Here, the Greek give-and-take translated every bit "born again" is ἀναγεγεννημένοι ( anagegennēménoi ).[17]

Interpretations [edit]

The traditional Jewish understanding of the promise of salvation is interpreted equally being rooted in "the seed of Abraham"; that is, physical lineage from Abraham. Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in error—that every person must have two births—natural birth of the physical body and some other of the h2o and the spirit.[18] This discourse with Nicodemus established the Christian conventionalities that all human beings—whether Jew or Gentile—must exist "built-in once more" of the spiritual seed of Christ. The Campaigner Peter further reinforced this understanding in 1 Peter ane:23.[19] [17] The Catholic Encyclopedia states that "[a] controversy existed in the archaic church over the estimation of the expression the seed of Abraham. It is [the Apostle Paul'southward] didactics in one instance that all who are Christ'south by faith are Abraham'southward seed, and heirs according to promise. He is concerned, however, with the fact that the promise is not being fulfilled to the seed of Abraham (referring to the Jews)."[20]

Charles Hodge writes that "The subjective change wrought in the soul by the grace of God, is variously designated in Scripture" with terms such as new birth, resurrection, new life, new creation, renewing of the mind, dying to sin and living to righteousness, and translation from darkness to light.[21]

Jesus used the "nativity" analogy in tracing spiritual newness of life to a divine beginning. Contemporary Christian theologians take provided explanations for "born from above" being a more accurate translation of the original Greek word transliterated anōthen. [22] Theologian Frank Stagg cites 2 reasons why the newer translation is significant:

  1. The emphasis "from in a higher place" (implying "from Heaven") calls attention to the source of the "newness of life". Stagg writes that the word "again" does not include the source of the new kind of beginning;
  2. More than than personal improvement is needed. "a new destiny requires a new origin, and the new origin must exist from God."[23]

An early example of the term in its more modern utilise appears in the sermons of John Wesley. In the sermon entitled A New Nativity he writes, "none tin be holy unless he be born again", and "except he be built-in again, none tin can be happy even in this world. For ... a man should not be happy who is not holy." Also, "I say, [a human] may exist born again and so get an heir of conservancy." Wesley too states infants who are baptized are born again, but for adults it is different:

our church supposes, that all who are baptized in their infancy, are at the same fourth dimension born again. ... Only ... it is certain all of riper years, who are baptized, are non at the same fourth dimension born again.[24]

A Unitarian work chosen The Gospel Anchor noted in the 1830s that the phrase was non mentioned by the other Evangelists, nor by the Apostles except Peter. "It was not regarded past whatever of the Evangelists but John of sufficient importance to record." Information technology adds that without John, "we should hardly accept known that it was necessary for one to be born again." This suggests that "the text and context was meant to apply to Nicodemus particularly, and not to the earth."[25]

Historicity [edit]

Scholars of historical Jesus, that is, attempting to define how closely the stories of Jesus friction match the historical events they are based on, generally treat Jesus's conversation with Nicodemus in John 3 with skepticism. It details what is presumably a private conversation between Jesus and Nicodemus, with none of the disciples seemingly attending, making it unclear how a record of this chat was acquired. In add-on, the conversation is recorded in no other ancient Christian source other than John and works based on John.[26] According to Bart Ehrman, the larger issue is that the same problem English translations of the Bible have with the Greek ἄνωθεν (anōthen) is a problem in the Aramaic language as well: in that location is no unmarried discussion in Aramaic that means both "again" and "from in a higher place", however the conversation rests on Nicodemus making this misunderstanding.[27] Every bit the conversation was betwixt two Jews in Jerusalem, where Aramaic was the native language, there is no reason to think that they'd take spoken in Greek.[26] This implies that even if based on a real conversation, the writer of John heavily modified it to include Greek wordplay and idiom.[26]

Denominational positions [edit]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics notes: "The GSS ... has asked a born-again question on 3 occasions ... 'Would you lot say you have been 'born over again' or have had a 'built-in-once again' experience?" The Handbook says that "Evangelical, black, and Latino Protestants tend to respond similarly, with about two-thirds of each grouping answering in the affirmative. In contrast, only nigh one 3rd of mainline Protestants and one sixth of Catholics (Anglo and Latino) claim a born-over again experience." However, the handbook suggests that "born-again questions are poor measures even for capturing evangelical respondents. ... it is likely that people who report a born-again experience besides claim information technology equally an identity."[28]

Catholicism [edit]

Historically, the classic text from John 3 was consistently interpreted by the early church fathers as a reference to baptism.[29] Modern Catholic interpreters have noted that the phrase 'built-in from above' or 'born once again'[30] is clarified every bit 'being born of h2o and Spirit'.[31]

Catholic commentator John F. McHugh notes, "Rebirth, and the commencement of this new life, are said to come up about ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, of h2o and spirit. This phrase (without the article) refers to a rebirth which the early on Church regarded every bit taking place through baptism."[32]

The Catechism of the Catholic Church building (CCC) notes that the essential elements of Christian initiation are: "proclamation of the Give-and-take, acceptance of the Gospel entailing conversion, profession of religion, Baptism itself, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and admission to Eucharistic communion."[33] Baptism gives the person the grace of forgiveness for all prior sins; it makes the newly baptized person a new beast and an adopted son of God;[34] it incorporates them into the Body of Christ[35] and creates a sacramental bail of unity leaving an indelible mark on our souls.[36] "Incorporated into Christ by Baptism, the person baptized is configured to Christ. Baptism seals the Christian with the indelible spiritual marker (grapheme) of his belonging to Christ. No sin can erase this mark, fifty-fifty if sin prevents Baptism from bearing the fruits of salvation. Given once for all, Baptism cannot be repeated."[37] The Holy Spirit is involved with each aspect of the movement of grace. "The start work of the grace of the Holy Spirit is conversion. ... Moved past grace, man turns toward God and away from sin, thus accepting forgiveness and righteousness from on high."[38]

The Catholic Church besides teaches that under special circumstances the need for h2o baptism can exist superseded past the Holy Spirit in a 'baptism of desire', such every bit when catechumens dice or are martyred prior to receiving baptism.[39]

Pope John Paul 2 wrote in Catechesi Tradendae well-nigh "the problem of children baptized in infancy [who] come for catechesis in the parish without receiving any other initiation into the faith and withal without whatever explicit personal attachment to Jesus Christ.".[40] He noted that "being a Christian means proverb 'yes' to Jesus Christ, but permit usa remember that this 'aye' has 2 levels: It consists of surrendering to the word of God and relying on it, but it besides means, at a later phase, endeavoring to know amend—and better the profound significant of this word."[41]

The modern expression existence "born once again" is really about the concept of "conversion".

The National Directory of Catechesis (published by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, USCCB) defines conversion as, "the acceptance of a personal relationship with Christ, a sincere adherence to him, and a willingness to suit one's life to his."[42] To put it more merely "Conversion to Christ involves making a genuine commitment to him and a personal decision to follow him equally his disciple."[42]

Echoing the writings of Pope John Paul II, the National Directory of Catechesis describes a new intervention required by our modernistic world called the "New Evangelization". The New Evangelization is directed to the Church herself, to the baptized who were never effectively evangelized before, to those who take never made a personal commitment to Christ and the Gospel, to those formed past the values of the secular civilization, to those who have lost a sense of faith, and to those who are alienated.[43]

Declan O'Sullivan, co-founder of the Catholic Men'due south Fellowship and knight of the Sovereign Military machine Social club of Republic of malta, wrote that the "New Evangelization emphasizes the personal encounter with Jesus Christ equally a pre-condition for spreading the gospel. The born-over again experience is non simply an emotional, mystical high; the really important matter is what happened in the convert'due south life afterwards the moment or menstruum of radical change."[44]

Lutheranism [edit]

The Lutheran Church building holds that "we are cleansed of our sins and born again and renewed in Holy Baptism past the Holy Ghost. But she also teaches that whoever is baptized must, through daily contrition and repentance, drown The One-time Adam so that daily a new homo come up forth and arise who walks earlier God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins after his baptism has over again lost the grace of baptism."[45]

Moravianism [edit]

With regard to the New Nascence, the Moravian Church holds that a personal conversion to Christianity is a blithesome experience, in which the individual "accepts Christ every bit Lord" later which faith "daily grows inside the person."[46] For Moravians, "Christ lived equally a human being because he wanted to provide a blueprint for futurity generations" and "a converted person could attempt to live in his image and daily become more like Jesus."[46] As such, "centre religion" characterizes Moravian Christianity.[46] The Moravian Church has historically emphasized evangelism, peculiarly missionary work, to spread the faith.[47]

Anglicanism [edit]

The phrase born again is mentioned in the 39 Articles of the Anglican Church building in article XV, entitled "Of Christ alone without Sin". In part, it reads: "sin, as Southward. John saith, was not in Him. But all we the rest, although baptized and built-in again in Christ, yet offend in many things: and if we say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is non in u.s.."[48]

Although the phrase "baptized and born once again in Christ" occurs in Article XV, the reference is clearly to the scripture passage in John iii:3.[49]

Reformed [edit]

In Reformed theology, Holy Baptism is the sign and the seal of one'due south regeneration, which is of comfort to the believer.[50] The fourth dimension of one's regeneration, however, is a mystery to oneself according to the Canons of Dort.[50]

According to the Reformed churches existence born again refers to "the inward working of the Spirit which induces the sinner to reply to the effectual telephone call". According to the Westminster Shorter Canon, Q 88, "the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to usa the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the discussion, sacraments, and prayer; all of which are made effectual to the elect for salvation."[51] Effectual calling is "the piece of work of God'south Spirit, whereby, convincing us of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable us to embrace Jesus Christ, freely offered to the states in the gospel."[52] [53]

In Reformed theology, "regeneration precedes faith."[54] Samuel Storms writes that, "Calvinists insist that the sole cause of regeneration or existence born again is the will of God. God showtime sovereignly and efficaciously regenerates, and only in outcome of that practise we act. Therefore, the individual is passive in regeneration, neither preparing himself nor making himself receptive to what God volition do. Regeneration is a change wrought in usa by God, not an autonomous human action performed by us for ourselves."[55]

Quakerism [edit]

The Central Yearly Meeting of Friends, a Holiness Quaker denomination, teaches that regeneration is the "divine work of initial salvation (Tit. 3:v), or conversion, which involves the accompanying works of justification (Rom. 5:18) and adoption (Rom. 8:fifteen, 16)."[3] In regeneration, which occurs in the New Nascency], there is a "transformation in the heart of the believer wherein he finds himself a new creation in Christ (Ii Cor. 5:17; Col. one:27)."[iii]

Following the New Birth, George Fox taught the possibility of "holiness of heart and life through the instantaneous baptism with the Holy Spirit subsequent to the new birth" (cf. Christian perfection).[56]

Methodism [edit]

In Methodism, the "new nascence is necessary for salvation because information technology marks the motility toward holiness. That comes with faith."[1] John Wesley, held that the New Nascency "is that groovy alter which God works in the soul when he brings it into life, when he raises information technology from the decease of sin to the life of righteousness."[58] [one] In the life of a Christian, the new birth is considered the start work of grace.[59] In keeping with Wesleyan-Arminian covenant theology, the Articles of Religion, in Article XVII—Of Baptism, state that baptism is a "sign of regeneration or the new nascency."[60] The Methodist Visitor in describing this doctrine, admonishes individuals: "'Ye must be born again.' Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for you. Acknowledge Him to your heart. 'Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved.'"[61] [62] Methodist theology teaches that the New Birth contains two phases that occur together, justification and regeneration:[63]

Though these two phases of the new birth occur simultaneously, they are, in fact, two separate and distinct acts. Justification is that gracious and judicial act of God whereby a soul is granted complete absolution from all guilt and a total release from the punishment of sin (Romans iii:23-25). This deed of divine grace is wrought by religion in the claim of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (Romans v:1). Regeneration is the impartation of divine life which is manifested in that radical change in the moral character of human, from the love and life of sin to the dear of God and the life of righteousness (ii Corinthians 5:17; ane Peter 1:23). ―Principles of Religion, Emmanuel Association of Churches[63]

Baptists [edit]

Baptists teach that a "person is born again when he/she repents of his/her sins and asks Jesus to forgive him/her and trust Jesus to serve him/her."[64] Those who take been born once more, according to Baptist teaching, know that they are "a child of God considering the Holy Spirit witnesses to them that they are" (cf. assurance).[64]

Pentecostalism [edit]

Pentecost by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld. Woodcut for "Die Bibel in Bildern", 1860.

Holiness Pentecostals historically teach the new birth (first work of grace), entire sanctification (second work of grace) and baptism with the Holy Spirit, as evidenced past glossolalia, equally the third work of grace.[65] [66] The New Nascence, according to Pentecostal pedagogy, imparts "spiritual life".[4]

Jehovah'due south Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah's Witnesses believe that individuals exercise not have the power to choose to be born once again, just that God calls and selects his followers "from above".[67] Only those belonging to the "144,000" are considered to be built-in once more.[68] [69]

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints [edit]

The Book of Mormon emphasizes the need for everyone to be reborn of God.[70]

Disagreements between denominations [edit]

The term "born again" is used by several Christian denominations, only there are disagreements on what the term means, and whether members of other denominations are justified in claiming to exist built-in-again Christians.

Catholic Answers says:

Catholics should ask [Evangelical] Protestants, "Are yous built-in once more—the fashion the Bible understands that concept?" If the Evangelical has non been properly h2o baptized, he has not been built-in again "the Bible way," regardless of what he may retrieve.[71]

On the other hand, an Evangelical site argues:

Another of many examples is the Catholic who claims he also is "built-in once again." ... Nonetheless, what the committed Catholic ways is that he received his spiritual birth when he was baptized—either as an infant or when as an adult he converted to Catholicism. That's not what Jesus meant when He told Nicodemus he "must be born once more."[72] The deliberate adoption of biblical terms which have different meanings for Catholics has get an effective tool in Rome'south ecumenical agenda.[73]

The Reformed view of regeneration may exist set up autonomously from other outlooks in at least two ways.

First, classical Roman Catholicism teaches that regeneration occurs at baptism, a view known as baptismal regeneration. Reformed theology has insisted that regeneration may take place at any time in a person's life, even in the womb. It is not somehow the automatic result of baptism. Second, information technology is common for many other evangelical branches of the church to speak of repentance and faith leading to regeneration (i.e., people are born once more just after they do saving faith). By contrast, Reformed theology teaches that original sin and total depravity deprive all people of the moral power and will to do saving faith. ... Regeneration is entirely the piece of work of God the Holy Spirit - nosotros can do zilch on our ain to obtain information technology. God lone raises the elect from spiritual death to new life in Christ.[74] [75]

History and usage [edit]

Historically, Christianity has used diverse metaphors to describe its rite of initiation, that is, spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism by the power of the water and the spirit. This remains the common understanding in most of Christendom, held, for case, in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Lutheranism,[45] Anglicanism,[76] and in other celebrated branches of Protestantism. However, sometime later on the Reformation, Evangelicalism attributed greater significance to the expression built-in again [77] as an experience of religious conversion,[78] symbolized by deep-water baptism, and rooted in a commitment to one's own personal faith in Jesus Christ for salvation. This aforementioned belief is, historically, also an integral part of Methodist doctrine,[79] [eighty] and is connected with the doctrine of Justification.[81]

According to Encyclopædia Britannica:

'Rebirth' has often been identified with a definite, temporally datable course of 'conversion'. ... With the voluntaristic type, rebirth is expressed in a new alignment of the will, in the liberation of new capabilities and powers that were hitherto undeveloped in the person concerned. With the intellectual type, it leads to an activation of the capabilities for understanding, to the breakthrough of a "vision". With others it leads to the discovery of an unexpected beauty in the order of nature or to the discovery of the mysterious meaning of history. With still others it leads to a new vision of the moral life and its orders, to a selfless realization of love of neighbor. ... each person affected perceives his life in Christ at any given time as "newness of life."[82]

According to J. Gordon Melton:

Born once more is a phrase used by many Protestants to describe the miracle of gaining religion in Jesus Christ. It is an experience when everything they take been taught as Christians becomes existent, and they develop a direct and personal relationship with God.[83]

According to Andrew Purves and Charles Partee:

Sometimes the phrase seems to be judgmental, making a distinction between genuine and nominal Christians. Sometimes ... descriptive, like the distinction betwixt liberal and conservative Christians. Occasionally, the phrase seems historic, like the partition betwixt Catholic and Protestant Christians. ... [the term] ordinarily includes the notion of man choice in salvation and excludes a view of divine election by grace solitary.[84]

The term born again has become widely associated with the evangelical Christian renewal since the belatedly 1960s, first in the United States and so around the world. Associated mayhap initially with Jesus People and the Christian counterculture, born again came to refer to a conversion experience, accepting Jesus Christ equally lord and savior in club to be saved from hell and given eternal life with God in sky, and was increasingly used every bit a term to place devout believers.[12] By the mid-1970s, built-in once again Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media every bit function of the born once again motion.

In 1976, Watergate conspirator Chuck Colson's book Born Again gained international notice. Fourth dimension magazine named him "One of the 25 most influential Evangelicals in America."[85] The term was sufficiently prevalent so that during the year's presidential campaign, Democratic political party nominee Jimmy Carter described himself as "born once again" in the commencement Playboy magazine interview of an American presidential candidate.

Colson describes his path to faith in conjunction with his criminal imprisonment and played a meaning role in solidifying the "born again" identity as a cultural construct in the US. He writes that his spiritual experience followed considerable struggle and hesitancy to have a "personal run into with God." He recalls:

while I sat lone staring at the sea I love, words I had not been certain I could sympathise or say roughshod from my lips: "Lord Jesus, I believe in You lot. I accept Yous. Please come into my life. I commit it to Y'all." With these few words...came a sureness of mind that matched the depth of feeling in my centre. In that location came something more: forcefulness and tranquility, a wonderful new assurance about life, a fresh perception of myself in the world around me.[86]

Jimmy Carter was the first President of the United States to publicly declare that he was born-over again, in 1976.[87] By the 1980 entrada, all three major candidates stated that they had been born again.[88]

Sider and Knippers[89] state that "Ronald Reagan's election that fall [was] aided by the votes of 61% of 'born-again' white Protestants."

The Gallup Organization reported that "In 2003, 42% of U.South. adults said they were born-again or evangelical; the 2004 percentage is 41%" and that, "Black Americans are far more likely to identify themselves as born-once more or evangelical, with 63% of blacks saying they are born-again, compared with 39% of white Americans. Republicans are far more likely to say they are born-again (52%) than Democrats (36%) or independents (32%)."[90]

The Oxford Handbook of Organized religion and American Politics, referring to several studies, reports "that 'built-in-again' identification is associated with lower support for government anti-poverty programs." It likewise notes that "cocky-reported born-once more" Christianity, "strongly shapes attitudes towards economic policy."[91]

Names which have been inspired past the term [edit]

The idea of "rebirth in Christ" has inspired[92] some mutual European forenames: French René/Renée, Dutch Renaat/Renate, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Croatian Renato/Renata, Latin Renatus/Renata, all of which mean "reborn", "born over again".[93]

Run into also [edit]

  • Altar phone call – Tradition in some Christian churches
  • Baptismal regeneration – Doctrines held past major Christian denomination
  • Born-once again virgin – Person who commits to abstinence after having had sexual intercourse
  • Child dedication – Act of induction of children
  • Jesus movement – Former evangelical Christian move
  • Dvija – Twice-built-in condition of Hindu male afterwards Upanayana
  • Evangelism – Preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ
  • Monergism – View within Christian theology
  • Sinner's prayer – Evangelical Christian term referring to any prayer of repentance

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Joyner, F. Belton (2007). United Methodist Questions, United Methodist Answers: Exploring Christian Organized religion. Westminster John Knox Printing. p. 39. ISBN9780664230395 . Retrieved 10 April 2014. The new nascence is necessary for conservancy because it marks the move toward holiness. That comes with faith.
  2. ^ Cathcart, William (1883). The Baptist Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of the Doctrines, Ordinances ... of the General History of the Baptist Denomination in All Lands, with Numerous Biographical Sketches...& a Supplement. Fifty. H. Everts. p. 834.
  3. ^ a b c Transmission of Faith and Practice of Key Yearly Meeting of Friends. Central Yearly Meeting of Friends. 2018. p. 26.
  4. ^ a b Wood, William West. (1965). Civilisation and Personality Aspects of the Pentecostal Holiness Organized religion. Mouton & Visitor. p. eighteen. ISBN978-3-xi-204424-7.
  5. ^ a b Bornstein, Erica (2005). The spirit of evolution: Protestant NGOs, morality, and economics in Zimbabwe. Stanford University Press. ISBN9780804753364 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. A senior staff member in Globe Vision's California function elaborated on the importance of being "built-in again," emphasizing a fundamental "relationship" betwixt individuals and Jesus Christ: "...the importance of a personal relationship with Christ [is] that information technology'south not just a matter of going to Christ or being baptized when you are an infant. Nosotros believe that people need to be regenerated. They need a spiritual rebirth. The demand to be born again. ...You must exist born again before yous can see, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven."
  6. ^ a b Lever, A. B. (2007). And God Said... ISBN9781604771152 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. From speaking to other Christians I know that the stardom of a born once again believer is a personal experience of God that leads to a personal relationship with Him.
  7. ^ Price, Robert M. (1993). Across Born Again: Toward Evangelical Maturity. Wildside Press. ISBN9781434477484 . Retrieved thirty July 2011. I accept a personal human relationship with Jesus Christ.
  8. ^ John three:3-v
  9. ^ Danker, Frederick W., et al, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Attestation and Other Early Christian Literature, third ed (Chicago: University of Chicago,2010), 92. Specifically see the kickoff (from to a higher place) and fourth (once again, anew) meanings.
  10. ^ Jn 3:3 NET
  11. ^ Jn 3:three Net
  12. ^ a b Mullen, MS., in Kurian, GT., The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization, J. Wiley & Sons, 2012, p. 302.
  13. ^ Jn i:5
  14. ^ cf. Jn 1:12-xiii; 1Jn 2:29, three:9, four:vii, 5:eighteen
  15. ^ Hoskyns, Sir Edwyn C. and Davy, F.North.(ed), The Quaternary Gospel, Faber & Faber 2nd ed. 1947, pp. 211,212
  16. ^ 1Peter 1:22-23
  17. ^ a b Fisichella, SJ., Taking Away the Veil: To Come across Beyond the Curtain of Illusion, iUniverse, 2003, pp. 55-56.
  18. ^ Emmons, Samuel B. A Bible Lexicon. BiblioLife, 2008. ISBN 978-0-554-89108-viii.
  19. ^ 1Peter 1:23
  20. ^ Driscoll, James F. "Divine Hope (in Scripture)". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 15 November 2009.[i]
  21. ^ "Systematic Theology - Volume III - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". world wide web.ccel.org . Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  22. ^ The New Testament Greek Lexicon. 30 July 2009.
  23. ^ Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. Adult female in the Earth of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978. ISBN 0-664-24195-six
  24. ^ Wesley, J., The works of the Reverend John Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Church, 1831, pp. 405–406.
  25. ^ LeFevre, CF. and Williamson, ID., The Gospel ballast. Troy, NY, 1831–32, p. 66. [2]
  26. ^ a b c Ehrman, Bart (2016). Jesus Before the Gospels: How the Primeval Christians Remembered, Changed, and Invented Their Stories of the Savior. HarperOne. pp. 108–109. ISBN978-0062285201.
  27. ^ "Biblical Errancy: The "Born Once again" Dialogue In the Gospel of John". Biblical Errancy . Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  28. ^ The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, OUP, p16.
  29. ^ Joel C. Elworthy, Ed. Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture, New Testament IVa, John 1-10 (Downers Grove: Intervarsity Press, 2007), p. 109-110
  30. ^ John 3:3
  31. ^ John iii:5
  32. ^ John F. McHugh, John 1-4, The International Disquisitional Commentary (New York: T&T Clark, 2009), p. 227
  33. ^ CCC 1229
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  38. ^ CCC 1989
  39. ^ CCC 1260
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External links [edit]

  • The New Nascence, John Wesley, sermon No. 45. Wesley'due south teaching on being born again, and statement that it is primal to Christianity.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_again

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